Piston and rotary screw compressors are the two most common compressed air technologies, and each fits a different operating pattern. Choosing between them is mostly about duty cycle, airflow and how long the machine runs each day.
Piston compressors
Reciprocating piston machines compress air in a cylinder with a moving piston. They are inexpensive to buy and simple to maintain, which makes them ideal for intermittent use: tyre service, small workshops, occasional tool use and backup duty. Their weakness is duty cycle; most are not designed to run continuously, and sustained operation causes heat and wear.
Rotary screw compressors
Screw machines compress air between two rotating rotors and are engineered for continuous operation. They deliver steady airflow, run cooler, and accept 100% duty, which suits production lines that need air all shift. They cost more to buy but cost less per cubic metre over their life in continuous service.
Decision guide
- Under a few hours per day and low flow — piston
- Continuous or multi-shift duty — screw
- Noise-sensitive indoor plant — enclosed screw or quiet piston
- Remote or mobile work — engine-driven piston or portable screw